A Poet’s Lament of a World on the Precipice

Cadaver of Red Roses

Illustration by Dami Mojid / THE REPUBLIC.

the ministry of arts / books dept.

A Poet’s Lament of a World on the Precipice

In her debut collection, Cadaver of Red Roses, Zaynab Iliyasu Bobi renders an evocative and poetic journey through past tragedies, protesting against war and poor leadership.
Cadaver of Red Roses

Illustration by Dami Mojid / THE REPUBLIC.

the ministry of arts / books dept.

A Poet’s Lament of a World on the Precipice

In her debut collection, Cadaver of Red Roses, Zaynab Iliyasu Bobi renders an evocative and poetic journey through past tragedies, protesting against war and poor leadership.

The writer’s life is often marked by existential suffering. In his essay, ‘Suffering is Literature’s Big Game’, Chimezie Chika writes that, ‘Perhaps literature revels in pain because the writer suffers so he can create—and something of the writer’s ordeal while writing is absorbed by the pages produced.’ Much of this keen observation is evident in Zainab Iliyasu Bobi’s debut collection, Cadaver of Red Roses, which won the 2024 Derricotte/Eady Chapbook Prize. As the second Nigerian writer to win the prize, following Wale Ayinla’s To Cast a Dream in 2021, Bobi’s powerful collection confronts the mind with haunting memories of recent global and national crimes. It also addresses the enduring stereotypes faced by Black people and those of Islamic faith. 

Cadaver of Red Roses isolates us into terrifying scenes where we are compelled to witness various disasters. It captures personal losses that evoke emotional turmoil, allowing us to sympathize with the poet-persona’s tragedies. Bobi fulfils James Baldwin’s notion of the artist as ‘a sort of emotional and spiritual historian,’ shouldering the responsibility to enlighten readers about both the upheavals and the subtle graces of our existence. 

BOBI’S EXPERIMENTAL MUSINGS ON VIOLENCE AND STEREOTYPES

With 22 poems in the collection, Cadaver of Red Roses opens with a speculative poem, ‘Set Operation of a Country in the Belly of Water’. The poem is laden with despair and carries an undertone of rage towards bad governance. It is suggestive of and brings back the memories of the 2020 #EndSARS protest in Nigeria where some civilians were killed, and others brutalized by military men. The poet makes a mathematical case for the likelihood of a recurrence of the 2020 protest, driven by ongoing police brutality and poor leadership. Bobi interrogates: 

Question: after conducting the statistics, a country was found in the teeth  
of the topmost trend on twitter. if in 2021, the country’s skin is stained by  
the blood of its citizens and in 2022, its belly is smeared by their flesh:  
a. will the country complement their bodies with bones in 2023, 
if the country intersects with (2021 U 2022)? i.e. [country n  
(2021 U 2022)]’  
b. test [ peace (p) = { } U (2021 U 2022)
c. [p U (2021 U 2022)] U [inverse of (p)= { }]

In the succeeding lines, the reader would discover that the reality of this event that sparked national outrage might transpire all over again. This epiphany can be realized towards the end of the poem where the speaker says,  

note: this morning, the faces of voices, of lost bodies, // wept as headlines, searching for their families // & i understood that wa(te)r // doesn’t wash the red off the scalp of a bleeding ocean. // p= { } i.e there is no peace // therefore, [(p)= { } U (2021 U 2022)] = blood & flesh.  

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Upon this ominous possibility, the speaker resolves to precaution:  

let the inverse of empty be filled with the roses of our mother’s prayers. // let the inverse of void be the emancipation of our bodies from bullets’ flood. // let the inverse of p= { } birth a country where dreams aren’t conveyed on paper boats.  

This discouraging revelation of a country’s lost hope and complacency towards the grievances of its inhabitants is further captured in the collection. In ‘Surviving Experiment’, the speaker bewails the inevitability of catastrophe in their land that is bound to catch up on every resident, despite their prayers. Bobi presents this theme, as an experimental poet, by using physics to calculate the average speed of an object. In this case, she is calculating the speed at which bullets catch up on the inhabitants of the land. ‘Unlucky for us, every time we try our little surviving // experiment, the bullet re-learns the physics of speed //& runs twice as fast to tear our names into shreds,’ Bobi writes. Same dreadful possibility is pervasive in ‘Bless the Broken’, where the poet-persona recounts how their relative managed to escape death during a shooting attack. 

As someone who hails from the Northern part of Nigeria where gun attacks and abductions are rife, some of the experiences related in Bobi’s book portray the agonizing realities afflicting northerners and Nigeria at large. The poet furthers her interrogation of stereotypes against Muslims and Black people, drawing perspectives beyond abstract ideas, but real-life events like that of George Floyd’s murder as reminisced in the poem, ‘Revisiting the Formula of Race as a Single Sentence’:  

it was harmattan, & i woke up outside myself, again. two feet from where my breath // was choked, someone i share a face with is getting his throat kneed. & when his body // pleaded to remain the bearer of its blood, they molded the dust into a gun.  

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THE STATE OF HUMANITY TODAY

According to George Orwell, the historical background of civilization is ‘largely the history of weapons’. This astute perspective appears several times throughout this collection. In ‘Jana’ and ‘Martyr of Daily Bread’, Bobi recounts the deaths of two Palestinian girls, Jana and Ra’afat Al-issa, who were both killed by Israeli soldiers in 2022. The two poems bear similar motif—violence. The reader is thrown into a war scene and are made to watch how ‘Ra’afat’s body // was mapped with bullets’ and how ‘a daughter (Jana). a girl, named. loved. // was shot. nine times. // skull. shattered. haemorrhaged. in a pool.’  

Like Michael Imossan’s For the Love of Country and Memory, which borders on countrymen left destitute by war, Bobi’s book foregrounds the same idea, but also explores other tragic losses outside Nigeria. The eponymous poem, ‘Cadaver of Red Roses’, encapsulates the inescapable reality of these tragedies where the speaker laments:  

the garden: a cadaver of red roses. 
the thing is: we have been broken 
to walk through healing tunnels  
without shattering into bits that hope can’t decode.
here, there is an inheritance the tongue holds; 
revisiting the same saltwater that we’ve driven in. 
do you see how everything that sips water rusts? 

The harrowing incidents embedded in the collection corroborates the statement of the late English philosopher, Thomas Hobbes, who described the natural state of humanity as: ‘solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short’. Hobbes also believed that without a system of government, humans are bound to live in a state of conflict and violence. Whereas, judging by the constant conflicts ensuing among mankind, Bobi, in her debut collection, further makes the case for the possibility of violence in democratic states despite a central authority vested with power to curtail such.  

Indeed, Cadaver of Red Roses is a compelling chapbook that reminds us of the imminent doom facing a world bent on its own destruction. Not only does the book succeed as an inciting collection that manages to arouse the readersattention to the world around them, it also exerts an unforgettable pathos on political leaders about the consequences of their actions, subtly demanding positive change. As much as the themes explored in the collection focus on the harsh political climate of Nigeria, it is significant to the public and informs every reader anywhere in the world about the unpalatable end result of wars, failed leadership, and prejudices. In hindsight, this collection secures Bobi an important space in the contemporary Nigerian poetry as a poet whose writings deserve utmost attention and critical study  

CADAVER OF RED ROSES
ZAYNAB ILIYASU BOBI
O, MIAMI BOOKS, 2024
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

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