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December 23, 2020

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December 23, 2020

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Congratulations @electa.alen on winning our second

Congratulations @electa.alen on winning our second prize! #RxDoSomething2020.⠀
⠀
Swipe left for @electa.alen's prize-winning impact story. ⠀
⠀
We’ll be announcing our first-prize winner tomorrow. Keep following for updates!

Today in 1970, Biafran secessionists surrendered t

Today in 1970, Biafran secessionists surrendered to the Nigerian army.⠀
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On January 15 1970, Biafran secessionists surrendered to the Nigerian army, ending the Nigerian Civil War.⠀
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Here are four things to know about the war, prior to Biafra’s secession:⁠⠀⠀
-⠀
1. While ethnic division can be identified as the underlying issue, several factors contributed to the civil conflict of July 1967: colonial-era policies, the uneven ethnic composition of the Nigerian military, and the division of regions into smaller states.⁠⠀⠀
-⠀
2. In January 1966, at the height of tensions, the leadership of the federal military government and eastern region met at the Aburi conference to resolve matters. The agreements reached the conference, however, fell apart. This, according to historians, was due to differences, around its interpretation, on both sides of the leadership. As a result, on 30 May 1967, Ojukwu declared eastern Nigeria a sovereign state.⠀
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3. About two months after Biafra declared secession, the Nigerian Civil War began. During the war, the Nigerian army surrounded Biafra with aerial and artillery bombardment, and established a sea blockade that denied the Biafrans of food, medical supplies and weapons. The war resulted in the death of over 1 million people. ⠀⠀
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4. The Biafra state surrendered after Ojukwu fled into exile on 08 January 1970. He was replaced by his deputy, Lt. Col. Philip Effiong, who became acting president of Biafra and surrendered to General Yakubu Gowon on 13 January 1970. The formal surrender document was signed on 15 January 1970, in Lagos, and there was a renunciation of secession.⠀⠀
-⁠⠀⠀
Want to learn more about the Nigerian war and don’t know where to start? Begin by searching ‘Reading Biafra’ on our website, Republic.com.ng.⠀
___________⠀
📝: Etashe, Editorial Assistant.⠀
📷: Lt. Col. Odumegwu Emeka Ojukwu declares the independence of Biafra in May 1967.⁠⠀
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Soldiers of the federal army in Port Harcourt celebrate winning the war.⠀
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Refugees in Owerri on board a truck taking them back to their villages after the war.⠀
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A hospital ward in Aboh, Delta.⠀
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Biafran Soldiers during the Nigerian Civil War.

Nigeria to sell government properties.⠀ -⠀ The

Nigeria to sell government properties.⠀
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The Nigerian government, according to Premium Times, has confirmed plans to sell some government properties, to fund the 2021 budget.⠀
-⠀
On 31 December 2020, Premium Times reports, President Muhammadu Buhari signed the N13.58 trillion budget for the 2021 fiscal year, with about N496.5 billion approved for statutory transfers and N3.3 trillion approved for debt services. The recurrent expenditure has been put at N5.6 trillion with capital expenditure at N4.1 trillion and fiscal deficit at N5.2 trillion.⠀
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THISDAY News reports that the federal government, on 07 January, announced its plans to borrow from unclaimed dividends and bank account balances unutilized for at least six years, to finance the 2021 budget. The budget will also be funded through proceeds from privatisation of some public assets, share of oil revenue, company income tax, valued added tax, customs, federation account levies, and domestic and foreign borrowings, with the government set to borrow N5.6 trillion from domestic and foreign resources. ⠀
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Although the government assets to be sold remain unclear, international trade experts and economic analysts, in a report by The Nation, have condemned the federal government’s consistent resolve to borrowing, as a means of funding budgets annually. However, President Buhari, according to Vanguard News, has said that the 2021 budget would help accelerate the pace of Nigeria’s economic recovery, promote economic diversification, enhance competitiveness and ensure social inclusion.⠀
___________⠀
📝: Etashe, Editorial Assistant.⠀
📷: Muhammadu Buhari GCFR, President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Presidency

Can Africans talk about race? #OnSite⚡⁠ -⁠ I

Can Africans talk about race? #OnSite⚡⁠
-⁠
In one of our most popular essays in 2020, PhD student and associate editor, Chinonye Otuonye, explains the need for more conversations about racism in Africa.⁠
-⁠
According to Otuonye, racism is not talked about enough in Africa. Otuonye cites the essay, Why I’m No Longer Talking to Nigerians about Race written by Panashe Chigunmadzi, which discusses the lack of recognition by Nigerians of the real ways that race is a part of the framework of the world’s largest black nation.⁠
-⁠
Otuonye explains that racism exists in different ways in Africa. 'It exists in the various examples of "slow violence" we see in the Delta,’ she says, ‘it exists in the evictions of peoples on Tarkwa Bay, it exists in land grabs by corporations in various central and eastern African countries, it exists in the debt policies Africa has been plagued with, and as we’ve seen recently it exists in the narratives of disease'. These acts according to Otuonye are based on the assumptions that 'black people are disposable and that profit and property matter more than human life'.⁠
-⁠
Otuonye adds that the #EndSARS protests connect Nigeria to movements against police brutality around the world. Otuonye notes that in Africa, such a connection provides a framework to think about liberation as a global struggle.⁠
-⁠
Ultimately, Otuonye implores Africans to think and talk more about race. She asks, 'outside of South African voices, in the struggle against racism, what does the rest of Africa have to say?'⁠
-⁠
What do you think? Let us know in our comments. For more on this topic, click the link in our bio.⁠
____________⁠
📝: Chinonye Otuonye⁠
📷: South Africans protest against the death in Minneapolis police custody of George Floyd and Collins Khoza, who died after a confrontation with South African security forces enforcing the nationwide coronavirus disease (COVID-19) lockdown, outside the U.S embassy in Pretoria, South Africa June 8, 2020. Siphiwe Sibeko / Reuters

Congratulations @de_edidiong on winning our third

Congratulations @de_edidiong on winning our third prize! #RxDoSomething2020.

Swipe left for @de_edidiong's prize-winning impact story.

We’ll be announcing our second-prize winner tomorrow, and our first-prize winner on Saturday. Keep following for updates!

Today in 1907, an earthquake hit Kingston, the cap

Today in 1907, an earthquake hit Kingston, the capital of Jamaica.⠀
-⠀
On 14 January 1907, an earthquake hit Kingston, the capital of Jamaica, resulting in the death of over 1,000 people.⠀⠀
-⠀
The earthquake occurred at approximately 3:30 p.m (local time) and was considered to be one of the deadliest earthquakes in history, at the time. The disaster, which destroyed nearly all existing historical structures, brought about significant changes in the building code of the island; particularly with the use of concrete, instead of bricks, in construction.⠀
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Jamaica, prior to the disaster, had been exposed to another devastating earthquake in 1692, which, alongside a tsunami, sank much of the city of Port Royal into the sea, killing 2,000 people. The earthquake in 1907 was followed by a tsunami on the north coast of Jamaica and resulted in approximately $30 million in material damage.⠀
-⠀
Following the incident, medical aid was provided by the conversion of the Port Kingston, the only passenger ship in Kingston Harbour, to a makeshift hospital, with improvised operating theatres in three parts of the ship. In 1909, a monument, built over the graves of about 501 unrecognizable victims of the 1907 earthquake, was erected in the city of Kingston. The monument represents a notable chapter in the history of Jamaica.⠀
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Additional Historical Fact: Did you know that the first widely reported occurrence of an earth tremor in Nigeria was in 1933? Nigeria has since experienced 15 earth tremors, three of which occurred in 1984. While Nigeria is commonly regarded as an earthquake-free zone, a number of recorded tremors show that more attention needs to be paid towards monitoring, detecting, and preventing future earthquake disasters.⠀
___________⠀
📝: Etashe, Editorial Assistant.⠀
📷: 1907 Earthquake damage in Kingston, Jamaica. ⠀
The Caribbean Photo Archive

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